Transmission electron microscope at NPL is utilized as the central facility for the characterization of materials. Different types of samples in the form of thin films and powders prepared by various techniques have been received from different groups of NPL working on the development of new materials. These samples have been characterized for their particles shape, size, distribution of particles, phase identification etc., using transmission electron microscopy technique.

Some of the samples are gold nano particles prepared through chemical route at 4 oC., 10oC and room temp., Silicon Nanowires on Si and quartz , Te doped InSb thin thin films at Rt and annealed at 200oC, ZnO powder doped with Na (2 and 10 %) and Li 2%, CNT prepared by CVD technique, Fe3O4 ferrofluid with different PH values, Fe2O3 powder Indian as well as Imported, NiS and MnS powder magnetic materials in nano form, TiO2 films pure and doped with 1.0 and 1.6% Fe, Cd ferrite, Si/Mn/Si prestine as well as irradiated, Electrochromic Device based on CNT Functionalized poly methylpyrol synthesized in hydrophobic ionic liquid medium. In Figure 5.6 TEM bright field image represents the CNTs functionalized poly (methylpyrrole) films grown by electrodeposition in ionic liquids in which (a-c) shows the regular, smooth ( with compact surface having nodules of very low average diameter and (d-f) Poly (methylpyrrole) covered with CNTs giving more mechanical Integrity.

About 110 sample were received from the various groups of NPL working on the development of new and advanced materials. These sample were characterized by using TEM. This facility was also extended to various industries.

Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy is another central facility of the laboratory which is extensively used by various R & D groups of NPL, other scientific R & D institutes and Industrial organizations for characterization of materials for surface microstructure and chemical compositional measurement.

Some of the materials characterized by using SEM are Al-Si powder samples, Mg-Al Alloys, Oxidase coatings, metal doped polymer films, polymer powders and films with and without enzyme and DNA, Gold nanoparticles with and without enzymes, High Tc Superconducting Bi2223 multifilaments samples Bi2223 doped with Eu and Tb dopings, Y123 with Pr doping, MgB2 Pure and with SiC, Mg ferrite and Li-Mg Ferrite samples, Pr-Ba-MnO3 Composites with different additives, SAM layers with PPY, PNA and DNA, PANI plane, protein immobilized with and without DNA, PANI+CNT composites, LDPE films, CdSeTe Alloys of different ratios and at different temps, Particulate matter/filter paper collected from different locations, Au film/ITO, gold nanoparticles with enzyme and gold nanoparticles with pyrol, Lithium- Ce Ferrite Samples, PECVD grown TiO2 films/Si, TiO2 films on different substrates etched with HF and NaOH treated, MgB2 Pure and with 10% SiC samples annealed at different temperatures, Graphite composites with mixing of Chitosan polymer, Al, Al2O3, Al + Al2O3 powders ball milled, La-Sr-MnO3 films/SrTiO3 substrate prepared by DC magnetron sputtering technique, Alkaline and acid texturised micro crystalline Silicon, Porus Silicon samples. Humidity response of Li- substituted magnesium ferrite has been studied in detail. SEM micrograph of Li- substituted magnesium ferrite has been shown in (Fig. 5.7).